Gas compressor



Aug. 10 1926.

l E. A. WATTS GAS COMPRESS OR ATTQRNEY Aug. 10,1926. v 1,595,370

E. A.wAT1;s

GAS COMPRESSOR Original Filed Nov. 17, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 FWG. E

INVENTOR fl MEE $977.51

7, w ATTQRNEYS Aug. 1o 1926. 1,595,370

` f E. A. WATTS GAS COMPRESS 0R Original Fled Nov. 17, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 'FIEL 5 mvEN-roa f2/m AWA/775.

ATTORNEYS Aug. 1Q 1926. 1,595,370

E. A. WATTS GAS COMPRESSOR Original Filed Nov. 1'7, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 I NVE N'I'DR 'LMEE' H. W477i ATTORNEYS e. or omo, Assienon To THE rrrnnnnivmnovnn yons ENGisiA COliAlTY, 0F SBRINGFIELD, OHIO, A CORPORATON OFy OHIO.

GAs CoMPnEsson.

Original application ilee- November 17g, 1924, Serial No. 750,458.. Dinie,

Serial No. 17,578.

` My invention relatesfto compressors of the type shown and described in my apf plica-tion for patent filed November 17, 1924, Serial No. 750,468, of which this is a` division.

It is 1 y object to provide acompressor whichv may be either. independently or di-V rectly connected to a source of power such as an internal combustion engine which will be adapted to compress air or other gases.

lt isa furthe-r object. 'of my invention to provide a positivelyoperating:compressor susceptibleof maintaining high pressures. oi being easily stertedand o11 being constantly anduniformly cooled.

It is. a :further vobject toprovid'e TValves or simple eonsntructionl which be 'easily adjusted and repaired or replaced.

It isfa further object of invention to provi-'de a rigidstr'ucture of great strength to withstand the'pressures generated by the action of the compressor. j Y

lt is a further object tofprovide such a construction oi vaflves and casings that the expansion which will taire-'place due' to heat be compensated for without warping of the Valves or the housingsandf without 'dis-- ruptin'g the structurertozwhich the valves are attire-hed'. Y

It is a urtbeuobject of myy invention to provide intenriallyl cooled' valve' structures for use with the main circulation system/fior cooling the entirev compressor.

lt is a particlular object of this'inven-v tion. to lprovide incans'ifor putting the engine into operation without the resistance of pressure whichwill beset np in the compressor and untii the engine sha-ll achieve the de`` sired state of operationand speed when the compressor can b'e-thrown into operation and pressure built up.

Referringv to thev drawings:

Figure l is a section through the conr-` presser7 'showing' a portion or the Valves infsect'ionv and a portion of the Valves in ele#v ration andthe piston and piston rod in elevation;

Figure@V is `an enlarged section throughV 1 e lei'thand Vexhaust valve and inlet valve;- Figure: 8 is an enlarged section through the right hand end of the unit;

Figure-e is a plan View of one oi' the' inlet valvesielzen on: theV line i-'49 of Figure 'l Figure o. isa similar View taken on'th'e iine 5-'5 of Figure lf; and

inder;

Figure 6 is a View showing the complete unit of compressore-nd engine to which il; is

directly connected in one unitary structure.'`

`Figure 7 is a plan View partly Ybroken. away of the engineshowing the means'. for itsv connection to the compressor, not shown.

Referring to the drawings indetail, l is a standard or support for supporting the compressor structure. Qfis a casing forn'iing. a part of the engine strueture'to which the compressor properisconnected by "an intermedi chamber formed by theV cylindrical casing 8. This easingr serves; t'osupport a: guide th'roughsuitabie bearings for the coin-y pressor piston rod 4,-.- A, wall 5; is embraced between the. structure' 2f and the cylindr'cail Casin@a 3 and is heidi lace vb these two" structures which` are bolted together by the bolts; The pistoni rod lLoperatesthrough an 'aperture in' the center of the member 5.

hacking 7 and a threaded sleeve 8 serve to seal the chamber 3 from the nia-in portion oi theU engine 2. Y y l rEhe other end of the casing 3 rests on shoulders `9 formed-on the endv of theouti side 'easing' l0 of the, compressor cylinder.V

An opening ll is formed in the topi ofthe casing 10" closed bythe coverv lls'oY that` it is possibleto gain.y aco-esst@ the.Y chamber 3 for 'adjusting the paclringvabont thefpiiston rod L Packingisfprovided around the pis# ton rod 4 whereit en-rersyth'e `compresso-r Thispaching'consists of soit pacl'rin.` ningslfwithiira sleevelt. This sleeve carries a threadedsieefve engaging .with the. piston rod designated i1-wich compresses the soft packing 13 againstl the 'internal shoulder l5 Carr-iccL on the sleeye le. -The sleeve 14' has ae'shouider l@ abutting againstv thefend ofthe outside casing iOo the'compresser cylinder heajd. ,Oil-is,- deliveredY to an oil passageway l? through thev sleeve lil and to the metallic packing Ynee'inbers A18 which are 'contained witha cup shaped` str-ucture i9 formed integral with the. cylinder structure or the compressor and projecting intov the cyiinder 2OV thereof.

ed and this application med Merch The l Vprovide a circulation :tor supplying lubricant at this important point.

Turning to the compressor proper, it will be noted that there is an end wall 2l 'torming the outside end ot the compressor' and an interior end wall 22 spaced therefrom to passageway 23 tor carrying fluids. There is a cylindrical outside casing 24 forming the exterior wall ot the con'ipressor. An interior wall is provided at 25. Between these walls on the upper halt of the compressor are the passageways 2G communicating with the intake port 27 forming the intake passageways lea-dingto the intake valves at either end ot the passageways at either end ot the compressor.

At the bottom ot the compressor the discharge passageway which is marked 28 leads to a discharge port 29. v

Referring to theintake valve, a plate 30 is bolted to the top ot the casing l0 by the bolts 81. This plate carries an adjusting screw 82 threaded into the plate and having` a lock nut 33. The lower end ot this screw bears upon the head 34 oi a spider having arms 35 which project downwardly until they are joined to a ring 36 which rests within the interior wall or" the compressor casing 22. This ring is shouldered at 37 to tit upon an outer edge of a valve seated plate 38 having a plurality ot spaced openings 39. The periphery ot this seated plate is out away to receive the projecting edge ot' the ring 37 which projects into the openings between the edge ot the plate 38 and the wall 22.

The openings 39 which are the intake openings in the valve seat 38 are closed by the valve members 4l which are provided with downwardly extending hollow cylindrical sleeves 42 which act as the valve stem tor the valves 4l. These stems are `guided in apertures 48 formed in a ring 44 which is seated on shoulders 45 formed in the wall of the compressor. lt will be understood than the fit between this ring 44 and the walls of the compressor are gas tight lits. Helical springs 46 are provided within the valve stems and seated within the apertures 43 to maintain the valves 4l against the seat. This ring 44 has a central passageway 47 for the passage of air into the cylinder 20. A piston 48 works in this cylinder on the piston rod 4.

Directly beneath each ot the intake valves which are exactly alike and located at either end ot the cylinder is the discharge valve. This valve consists of a seat plate 49 having,v a plurality of ports 50 closed by valves 5l which have hollow valve stems 52 containing valve springs The stems are guided in upwardly projectingv sleeves 54 which torni the seats for the valve springs 53 as well as. `guides tor the valve stem. These sleeves 54 are mounted on a tubular casing 55 which has an internal rib 56 spaced therei'rom. A water passageway 5T is provided on the interior ot this casing 55 to cool the valve structure as tar as possible. The cire culation passage 57 is connected with the rest ot the circulation system tor cooling the cylinder and the cylinder' head ot Vthe compressor. Centrally located in this casing is a tubular chamber 58 containing a spacing` member 59, one end ot which is, seater, in the valve seat 49 through a centering pin 6U. This passageway has in its opposite end a downwardly extending rod (il which projects through the cylindrical passageway 58 into a centering passageway 62 formed in .the end ot' the casing 55. A. helical spring 63 is interposed between the end ot the piston 59 and the bottom of the cylindrical passageway 58. The casing 55 is notched on either side as at 64 to receive a cross pin 65 carried by the shoulder or piston 59.

The bottom ot the. casing` 55 is formed 'luto a pair of spaced walls 66 and 57. These walls are spaced to form water circulation passageways 68. The top ot the casing 55 which forms the wall ot the cylinder' 58 is connected to the wall 6G of the rib 55, thus tying the structure together and re-entorcing it at the point ot greatest strain. A clean out plug 69 is provided in the wall @(3. The inner wall 67 is provided with inwardlv extending shoulders for receiving the edgi ot the cylinder casing proper. This serves to center this detachable valve supporting casing 55 and its walls 67 and G6. This unit is bolted by the bolts 71 to the coinpressor and is detachable therefrom as a unit. The valve seat itself has a shoulder 7 2 for seating it upon the compressor casing or wall. u

The reason for Vproviding;` the sprintT shoulder 59 is to accommodate tor the vaA riation in distance between the shoulder 72 and the shoulder 70.

it will be noted that the passageway alone the cylinder head as at 23 tor the cooling fluid is very much larger than the passagel way 78 the difference being` that the passageway 2B is about one-halt inch'by two inches while the passageway 73 is a round hole about a haltl inch in diameter. lThis is due to the tact that it is desirable to secure greater cooling ot the cylinderV head than in the neighborhood orp the passageway 73. The air passes trom the cylinder 2O through the port-s 50 into vthe area Z4 around the wall 7 5 ot the water passageway Z8 into the discharge passageway 28 to the discharge passageway 29.

@ne ot the 'features ot advantage ot this compressor is that it has the detachable cyl inder liner so that bores of. the cylinder can be. 'tormed by substituting liners withvout 'disti'irbing the remainder ofhthefengine s aveuthe detachable pistond'which :is held on the piston rod by the nut p v jflfhis liner. is designated 77. .A t i formed with shoulders 78 for feeding against the rcompressor casing.

either end designated 79 to formthe end walls for the .main cooling huid passageways 8O around the cylinder liner 77 and between the liner and the walls 25 which form the inside walls for the intake and discharge passageways. These passageways for the cooling fluid 8O communicate with the passageway 7 3 for circulating the i'luid around the discharge valves to the cylinder head.

rEhe forward end of the cylinder has a circulation passageway for fluid marked 81. The cylinder head is designated 82 with an outside wall 83 which forms an inside wall of aby-pass passageway 84, the outside wall of which is marked 85. This wall 85 is the outside wall of the compressor structure. The passageway 84- forms a by-pass passageway leading directly over to the intake passageway 26 through a valve opening 86 closed hy a valve 87 to the forward discharge passageway 88 beneath the forward discharge valve. The reason for this passageway is to permit of the ley-pass passageway passing directly over the intake to the discharge during starting to relieve the engine of the compressing operation until it gets started. Vhen the valve 87 is open this permits the gas to circulate in the cylinder which is to be compressed without building up the pressure. 'The valve 87 is controlled by a valve stem 89 operated by a hand wheel 90. This valve stem is carried in a supporting plate 91 of any desired construction. If desired this by-pass 8d may be connected direct to the discharge 29, but for the purpose Vof convenience it is arranged as shown in the drawings.

It will be seen from the arrangement of the several parts that I .have provided a main casing having spaced walls to form intake and discharge passageways. I have also provided a detachable liner and valve assemblies which are completely detachable and may ae removed as a unit with the least disturbance to the rest of the mechanism. I have provided a by-pass passageway integral with the compressor for circulation of the gas directly without going through the compressor cylinder to facilitate starting. I have provided water cooled exhaust valves and a water cooled cylinder and cylinder head. I have also provided directly opposed intake and discharge valve assemblies in pairs at either end of the cylinder.

It is possible with my compressor to secure a structure which will automatically compensate for the changes in temperature,

It also hasl rings at' 5,1370 )saith Win Sallam-gh pressure andi-which niaybe modified to take 'varying vbores so :thatt-hestructure 'will "he adaptable to a number of 'different conditions"without having'tohave a cm'pletereconstruction ofthe compressor, 'so' that as in 'gas fields it is possib'le'to vary this unit to meet varying conditions. l

It will4 he understood that' I do vnotgdesire to confine my invention to the specific details but comprehend with my claims such modiications as may be necessary to adapt the invention to varying conditions.

I have shown the compressor directly connected to an internal combustion engine as that is my preferred construction, but I do not desire to confine myself to this source of motive 4power only. I have designated the internal combustion engine generally as a source of motive power 91.

The piston rod d is connected to the slide block 92 which carries the cross head 93 and link 94. The compressor link is mounted on the crank 95 on which is the common crank for the internal combustion link 96. This crank is mounted on the crank shaft 97 which has a common crank shaft for the two units.

It will be thus seen that the compressor is mounted on the single bed 98 which supports the internal'combustion engine structure, the common fly wheel 97a and crank structure and the compressor with the engine. It will also be noted that the main casing or frame of the engine 99 acts as the guide for the slideblock 92 so that there is perfect alignment between the internal combustion unit and the piston of the compressor unit, giving great rigidity to the entire structure.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a compressor characterized by having a compression cylinder, inlet and exit passageway and valves therefor, an integral valved head having a communicating passageway from the inlet valve to the outlet valves contained within the integral casing whereby the contents of the' compressor may circulate through the valves, the integral passageway, and the cylinder, without building up pressure when said passageway is opened, and a manually operated valve member for controlling said passageway, said manually operated valve being unconnected with said inlet and'outlet valves and located between the same in the cylinder head.

2. In a compressor characterized by having a compression cylinder, inlet and exit passageway and valves therefor, an integral valved head having a communicating passageway from the inlet valves to the outlet valves contained within the integral casing whereby the contents of the compressor may circulate through the Valves, the integral passageway, the cylinder, without building up pressure when said passageway is opened, and a manually operated valve member for controlling said passageway, said manually operated Valve being unconnected with said inlet and outlet valves and located between the same in the cylinder head, the walls of said passageway being` so arranged that the inner wall is formed from the water jacket wall of the cylinder and the outer wall is an integral wall constituting the exterior of the cylinder head a portion of which defines the inlet and outlet passageway.

In testimony whereof, I aix my signature.

ELMER A. WATTS. 

